NAMA : BENNY RICKI SITORUS
NPM : 21212427
KELAS : 3EB02
NPM : 21212427
KELAS : 3EB02
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS AND DETERMINER
REFLEXIVE
PRONOUNS
Reflexive pronouns refer to the subject. We use them in the
sense of self or oneself.
Usage
We use reflexive pronouns when the subject and the object
are the same person.
Example:
He often looks at
himself in the mirror and likes talking to himself.
The subject and object here are the same person.
After all, he could have been looking at someone else and
could be proud of someone else.
Example:
He often looks at his
dad and likes talking to him.
We also use reflexive pronouns when we want to express that
someone did something alone (without anyone else’s help).
Example:
Larry is a small boy,
but he can already dress himself.
In his room, there is
a mirror. Larry has hung it up himself, with a little help from his dad.
In English, unlike other languages, reflexive verbs are not
very common. We don’t use reflexive pronouns after feel, concentrate, relax, or
meet. Instead, we use regular verbs.
Example:
Larry feels good.
(not: Larry feels himself good.)
There are a few verbs which are usually followed by
reflexive pronouns. The most improtant ones are listed in the following table :
List of reflexive pronouns
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
||||
|
1st person
|
2nd person
|
3rd person
|
1st person
|
2nd person
|
3rd person
|
|
myself
|
yourself
|
Himself, herself, itself
|
ourselves
|
yourselves
|
themselves
|
In the singular, the reflexive pronoun is formed with -self,
in the plural with -selves.
Example:
I can see myself in
the mirror.
We can see ourselves
in the mirror.
In the second person, we have to indicate whether we're
talking to one person or several people.
Example:
You can be proud of
yourself. (one person)
You can be proud of
yourselves. (several people)
DETERMINER
The determiner is an important noun modifier which
contextualizes a noun, often in terms of quantity and possession. Determiners
in English precede a noun phrase and include demonstratives, possessives, and
quantifiers.
There are many different determiners in the English
language.
·
Articles are among the most common of the
determiners. A, an, and the all express the definiteness and specificity of a
noun. For example, “the” is a definite article, meaning the person using the
word is referring to a specific one. On the other hand, “a” or “an” are
indefinite.
·
Demonstratives, such as this, that, these and
those, require a frame of reference in which an individual can point out the
entities referred to by a speaker or a writer.
·
Quantifiers, such as all, few, and many, point
out how much or how little of something is being indicated.
·
When referring to an entity that belongs to
another, you can use possessives. My, your, their, and its are a few examples.
·
There are many other types of determiners. For
instance, cardinal numbers, the numbers that are written out in English, are
also included in the class of determiners. Determiners are generally split into
two groups—definite determiners and indefinite determiners.
Function of a
Determiners
A determiner can take on a number of different meanings and
roles in a sentence. The determiner is used in every case to clarify the noun.
·
They may be used to demonstrate or define
something or someone.
Quantifiers
state how many of a thing, in number or expression. A determiner is used to
show that the noun indicated is a specific one (that one), not an unspecific
one (any).
·
They may also state the differences between
nouns.
While determiners may have a number of other functions, most
of them are related to these two key areas. The list of determiners only
numbers about 50 words, and all of these words are commonly used by most
individuals. Determiners are not difficult to get the grasp of when contrasted
with adjectives, and do not take too long for native English speakers to grasp.
After all, how many times have you had trouble deciding whether to say “the” or
“a”?
English teaching in schools did not take determiners into
account. Many determiners were simply lumped into the category of “adjectives,”
which works for some but certainly not for all.
·
Adjectives have primarily three functions: they
modify noun phrases, or complement the object or subject of a sentence.
·
The function of a determiner is to express
proximity, relationship, quantity, and definiteness.
Determiners are not gradable as are adjectives. For example,
a person may be angry, angrier, or the angriest. A person can not be “her-est”
or “the-est.”
Determiners are usually necessary (or obligatory) in a
sentence, whereas adjectives are not.
Adjectives, unlike determiners, cannot have corresponding
pronouns.
Adjectives and determiners are distinct from one another and
cannot simply be lumped into the same category.
Example :
"The dog barked
at the boy."
"These apples are
rotten."
"Their bus was
late."
"Have you seen my
keys?"
"Have you got any
English books I could borrow?"
"There is enough
food to feed everyone."
"I don't teach
online every day."
Numbers act as determiners too, they show how many things or
people there are: 1, 2, 3...
example:
"I teach online
for 3 days a week."
Reference :
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